1. Insufficient lubrication
- When the amount of oil or grease is insufficient, bearing surfaces cannot be adequately protected by an oil film.
- Result: Increased metal-to-metal contact, wear, and overheating.
2. Over-lubrication
- Excessive oil, especially in high-speed bearings, can increase friction and heat.
- Result: Excessive pressure, seal stress, and energy loss occur.
3. Incorrect oil or grease type
- Using oil unsuitable for the bearing type and operating conditions (e.g., low-viscosity oil for heavy loads)
- Result: Inadequate protection, oxidation, and premature failure.
4. Dirty or contaminated oil
- Dust, water, or metal particles mixing into the oil or grease
- Result: Surface wear, corrosion, and scratches on the bearing surface.
5. Inappropriate lubrication interval
- Not changing oil or grease for too long or disregarding maintenance intervals
- Result: Oil properties are lost, and protection cannot be provided.
6. Incorrect application method
- Improper use of lubrication equipment, wrong grease pump position, or incorrect oil injection
- Result: Some areas of the bearing may remain unlubricated, leading to localized wear.
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